Ivory
| Refractive Index : 1.540 – 1.535 spot 1.540 |
| Optical Characteristic : AGG |
| Specific Gravity : 2.00 – 1.70 |
| Formula : Calcium phosphate, collagen and elastin. |
| Crystal System : Organic |
| Variety/Species : Ivory |
| Species/Group : Ivory |
| Birefringence : none |
| Dispersion : none |
| Hardness : 2.25 to 2.75 |
| Toughness : fair |
| Ultrasonic : Never |
| Steam : Never |
| UV Long : weak to strong bluish white or violet blue |
| UV Short : weak to stronger bluish white or violet blue |
| Pleochroism : None |
| Strength : N/A |
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| Pleochroism Colors : None |
| Heat : burns easily |
| Acids : Attacked by acids and/or chemicals |
| Light : yellows with age |
| Polish Luster : greasy to dull |
| Fracture : splintery to uneven |
| Fracture Luster : dull |
| Clarity Type : N/A |
| Tones : N/A |
| Saturations : N/A |
| Cause of Color : variable |
| Enhancements : Dyeing, bleaching |
| Cleavage : None |
| Color Range : White, yellow (light), yellowish white, yellowish, whitish |
| Transparency : translucent to opaque |
| Phenomena : None |
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| Separations : Ivory from- White coral: birefringence,magnification (structure), SG (possibly) Plastic : magnification, SG, fracture, RI (possibly) Bone : magnification (bone has no “engine turned” effect). Chalcedony : luster, magnification (structure), fracture, SG Other types of ivory (hippo, walrus, sperm-whale, narwhal, warthog): magnification |
| Identifying Characteristics and information “Engine turned effect”: a cross hatched, wavy structure of lines. May be blue-white or violet blue (LW and SW with LW stronger). |
| Spectral Data not diagnostic. |
| Trade Names and Misnomers Elephant Ivory(S) Hippo Ivory Ivory Narwal Ivory Orca Tooth Ivory Sperm Whale Ivory Walrus Ivory Green Ivory – Finest from Tanzania Cape Ivory – Softer, sometimes yellowish and occasionally white Hard Ivory – brighter and more glassy, from Ambriz, Angola |
Tags: Cape Ivory, Elephant Ivory, Green Ivory, Hard Ivory, Hippo Ivory, Ivory, Narwal Ivory, Orca Tooth Ivory, Sperm Whale Ivory, Walrus Ivory
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